![]() molar teeth that tend to have four cusps (raised bumps) arranged in pairs.Old World monkeys differ from apes because they have: flat nails on all fingers and toes (no claws).four premolar teeth and six molars in each jaw.closely spaced nostrils that open forward or downward.ear canal (a bony tube that connects the external ear to the eardrum).Old World monkeys are more closely related to apes than to New World monkeys because, like apes, they have: Old World monkeys are found in Africa, Asia and in southern Europe on the Rock of Gibraltar. Most live in trees although some live fully or partly on the ground. There are about 130 species of Old World monkeys including baboons, macaques, rhesus monkeys and colobus monkeys. a prehensile (grasping) tail (in the larger species).claws on some fingers and toes (in the marmosets and tamarins).six premolar teeth and either four or six molars in each jaw.widely spaced nostrils that open to the sides.no ear canal (instead, the eardrum is located near the skull’s surface).New World monkeys differ from other monkeys and apes because they have: New World monkeys are found in Central and South America. One group with about 120 species is known as the New World monkeys and includes the marmosets, tamarins, howler monkeys and spider monkeys. lower front teeth (incisors) which are not modified into a grooming comb.small, dry noses and a reduced sense of smell.eyes which do not have a light reflecting layer.eye sockets with walls of bone that form a cup-like cavity for each eye.Tarsiers are now considered to be close relatives of monkeys and apes because, like monkeys and apes, they have following features which evolved more recently: two or three pairs of nipples on the chest and abdomen.lower jaw in two pieces (the left and right sides are separated by a joint at the chin).They were once grouped with the strepsirrhines as ‘prosimians’ because they share the following primitive features: Tarsiers live in forests on parts of Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. There are more than 10 species and all are nocturnal (active at night). The tiny tarsiers share many features with monkeys and apes but also retain some primitive strepsirrhine-like features. The primates included in this group are the: The more advanced primates are placed together into a group known as the haplorrhines. most have more than two nipples as several offspring are usually born at a time.a claw rather than a nail on the second toe of each foot.long, projecting lower front teeth (incisors) usually modified into a fur grooming comb.long snouts with moist noses for a highly developed sense of smell.eyes with a special light reflecting layer that aids night vision.eye sockets that have a narrow ring of bone around each eye.Strepsirrhines have the following features: Sometimes these primates are grouped in with the tarsiers and are referred to as ‘prosimians’ but it is now known that tarsiers are more advanced than lemurs and lorises and belong in a different group.Most strepsirrhines live in forests in Madagascar but some live in Africa or southern Asia. They include lemurs, lorises, bushbabies and the Aye-aye. This group contains about 90 species, most of which are nocturnal (active at night). The strepsirrhines are, in many ways, the most primitive primates. long childhood that extends well beyond weaning.penis and testes that permanently hang down from the body (in males).two nipples (but sometimes more) on the chest (in females, these supply milk to the young).sensitive pads under the tips of the fingers and toes containing special touch receptors called Meissner’s Corpuscles.flat nails (rather than claws) on some fingers and toes.opposable thumbs and/or big toes (able to touch the other digits on the same hand or foot).grasping hands with long fingers to curl around objects.eye sockets with a ring or cup of bone surrounding and supporting the eyes.forward-facing eyes with overlapping fields of view that allow depth perception. ![]() Primates (including humans) are different to all other animals because they are the only mammals that have the following combination of features: They include lemurs, lorises, tarsiers, monkeys and apes are all primates. Almost all of today’s primates live in tropical and subtropical areas of Africa, Madagascar, Asia, Central America and South America. Others have survived and there are now more than 350 different species of living primates. Many different types of primates have evolved over this vast period of time and many of these no longer exist. The first primates appeared more than 60 million years ago. Humans are members of a particular sub-group of mammals known as the primates (Order Primates). ![]()
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